1  GYMNOSPERMAE


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Cycadaceae


Cycas Linn.



Sotetsu
Cycas revoluta Thunb.


 Cycas is derived from Greek name "cykas".


 revoluta;revolving


 cf. revolution , revolver 


       Thunb. is abbreviation of Swedish botanist Thunberg who arrived Japan in 1775.



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Ginkgoaceae


Ginkgo Linn.



Ichou
Ginkgo biloba Linn.


 Ginkgo is a misprint of Ginkjo which shows pronunciation of Chinese character of this tree.


biloba;divided by two 、 bi means two.(named after shape of leaf)


  Linn. is abbreviation of Swedish botanist Linne who determined the way of scientific naming of plants in 1735. L. is the same abbreviation.



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 Taxaceae   


Taxus Linn.



Ichii
Taxus cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc.


  Taxus is derived from Greek name of this tree "taxos". Taxos has meaning of bow.

cuspidata;referring to a cusp or point 


 Sieb. is abbreviation of German docter Siebold who arrived Japan 1823. S. is the same abbreviation.

et is meaning of and.

 Zucc. is abbreviation of Italian botanist Zuccarini who studied plants which Siebold collected in Japan. Z. is the same abbreviation.




Torreya Arnott



Kaya
Torreya nucifera Sieb. et Zucc.


 Torreya is named after American botanist J.Torrey.


nucifera;having hard nuts  (As this species has hard nuts)


  cf. nucleus、 nucleo(Italian) 



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Podocarpaceae


Podocarpus Pers.



Inumaki
Podocarpus macrophylla D.Don


Podocarpus is consisted of "podos"(foot)+ "carpos"(fruit).


macrophylla;"macro"(big)+ "phylla"(leaf)、having big leaves




Nagi
Podocarpus Nagi Zoll. et Moritz.


Nagi;referring to Japanese name of this species "Nagi".



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Cephalotaxaceae


Cephalotaxus Sieb. et Zucc.



Inugaya
Cephalotaxus Harringtonia K.Koch


to explanation of Inugaya

Some botanists use Cephalotaxus drupacea S.et Z.


Cephalotaxus is "cephalos"(head)+ "Taxus"(Taxus Linn.). It means Taxus species with flowers gathering like head.


      cf. cephalo - is the prefix of meaning of head,   cephalopod (octopus, squid etc.)


Harringtonia;named after English Utopian Thinker J.Harrington


      drupacea;drupaceous (stone fruits)



Haiinugaya
Cephalotaxus Harringtonia K.Koch subsp.nana Kitagawa


      nana;dwarfish,tiny,small( feminine adjective of nanus) 


      subsp. is an abbreviation of subspecies 


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Pinaceae


Subfamily Abietoideae


Abies Mill.



Momi
Abies firma S. et Z.


Abies is derived from old Latin name of this species Abies alba


firma;firm,strong





Urajiromomi
Abies homolepis S. et Z.


   homolepis;covered by the same sort of scale 


  homo- ; the prefix of meaning of same




Aomoritodomatsu
Abies Mariesii Mast.


   Mariesii; of plant collecter Maries 


Another Japanese name of this species is Ooshirabiso.




Shirabe
Abies Veitchii Lindl.


   Veitchii;of English horticulturist Veitch 


This species is also called Shirabiso.




Akatodomatsu
Abies sachalinensis Fr. Schm.


sachalinensis;indigenous to Saghalien 
 -ensis : the suffix of meaning of indigenous to




Aotodomatsu
Abies sachalinensis Fr. Schm. var. Mayriana Miyabe et Kudo


      Mayriana;of German dendrologist H.Mayr 


      var. is an abbreviation of varietas (variety). 



Pseudotsuga Carr.



Togasawara
Pseudotsuga japonica Beissn.


Pseudotsuga is "pseudos"(false)+ "Tsuga" (Tsuga species)、 pseudo is prefix of meaning of false


japonica;Japanese(feminine)、japonicus(masculine)、japonicum (neuter) 



cf. Douglas fir (Oregon pine, Beimatsu) Pseudotsuga menziesii



Tsuga Carr.



Tsuga
Tsuga Sieboldii Carr.


Tsuga is Japanese name of this species Tsuga. 


Sieboldii;of Siebold,  ii, i, e are the suffix of meaning of possessive .




Kometsuga
Tsuga diversifolia Masters


diversifolia;"diversi"(diverse、various)+ "foliatus"(having leaves)、  having various leaves


  cf. diverse(English)、divers(French)、diverso(Italian) 



      cf. Hemlock (Beitsuga) Tsuga heterophylla ,Tsuga canadensis



Peceae A.Dietr.



Ezomatsu
Picea jezoensis Carr.


Picea is derived from Latin name of resin "pix, picis" which means pitch or resin.


jezoensis;native to Ezo or Hokkaido




Touhi
Picea jezoensis Carr. var. hondoensis Rehd.


var. is abbreviation of varietas (variety) 、 variete (French)、 varieta(Italian)

   hondoensis;indigenous to Honshuu in Japan



Matsuhada
Picea bicolor Mayr


  bicolor;two colors, Bi means two. 


Another Japanese name is Iramomi.  




Akaezomatsu
Picea Glehnii Mast.


   Glehnii;of Saghalin plant collecter Glehn 




Baramomi
Picea polita Carr.


   polita;be polished, smooth


  cf. polite(English)、poli(French)、polito(Italian) 


This species is also called Harimomi.




Himebaramomi
Picea Maximowiczii Regel


   Maximowiczii;of Russian botanist Maximowicz




Yatsugataketouhi
Picea Koyamai Shirasawa


   Koyamai;of needle-leaved tree collecter Mitsuo Koyama


  Shirasawa is dendrologist Miho Shirasawa.



cf. Spruce(Beitouhi) Picea glauca , Picea engelmannii 


Sitka Spuruce (Beimomi) Picea sitchensis



Larix Mill.



Karamatsu
Larix leptolepis Gord.


Larix is the old mane of this European species. This word is derived from Celtic "lar"(abundance) because of having a plenty of resin.


leptolepis;having thin scale



      cf.Guimatsu (Siberian Karamatsu) Larix Gmelini



Cedrus Link.



Himarayasugi
Cedrus deodara Loud


to explanation of Himarayasugi

Cedrus is derived from Greek tree name "cedros" which has aromatic wood.


The origin of this word is Arabic "kedron"(power).


deodara;a sacrid tree ,  Deo means God, the devine will.


  cf.  Lebanon cedar    Cedrus libani  


      Atlas cedar     Cedrus atlantica  


      Shimamomi (Yusan) Keteleeria Davidiana  

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Subfamily Pinoideae


Pinus Linn.



Kuromatsu
Pinus Thunbergii Parl.


Pinus is the old Latin name of this species. pine(English),  pin(French),  pino(Italian)


Thunbergii;of Swedish botanist Thunberg




Akamatsu
Pinus densiflora S. et Z.


densiflora;"densi"(dense)+ "flora"(flower)


floral(English、French)、floreale(Italian)

 Flora ; the goddess of flower and spring( a Roman myth)




Haimatsu
Pinus pumila Regel


   pumila;low,small,dwarfish 



Chousengoyou
Pinus koraiensis S. et Z.


   koraiensis;indigenous to Korea




Yakutanegoyou
Pinus Armandi Franch. var. amamiana Hatusima


   Armandi;of plant collecter Armand 


   amamiana;of Amami island



Hakkoudagoyou
Pinus hakkodensis Makino


   hakkodensis;native to Mt.Hakkouda 



Himekomatsu
Pinus pentaphylla Mayr


pentaphylla;"penta"(five)+ "phylla"(leaf) , a quincunx



Reference    


Number LatinPrefixFrenchSpanishItalian
1 unusuniunununo
2 duodideuxdosdue
3 trestritroistrestre
4 quattuorquadrquatrecuatroquattr
5 quinquequinq,pentacinqcincocinque
6 sexsex,hex,hexasixseissei
7 septemseptemseptsietesette
8 octoocthuitochootto
9 novemnovemneufnuevenove
10 decemdec,decadixdiezdieci
100 centumcenticentcientocento


Goyoumatsu
Pinus pentaphylla Mayr. var. Himekomatsu Makino


   Himekomatsu;Japanese name of this species 


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Siadopityaceae


Sciadopitys S. et Z.



Kouyamaki
Sciadopitys verticillata S.et Z.


Sciadopitys is "scias" (umbrella)+ "pitys" (pine) because of covering by cyclical leafshaped short branch


verticillata;cyclical,whorled



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Taxodiaceae


Cryptomeria D.Don



Sugi
Cryptomeria japonica D.Don


Cryptomeria is consisted of "cryptos"(hidden)+ "meris"(joint、part)


japonica;Japanese



 

cf. Sekoia (Redwood); Sequoia sempervirens


  Sekoiadendoron (Giant Sequoia); Sequoiadendron giganteum


  Metasekoia ; Metasequoia glyptostroboides


  Numasigi ; Taxodium distichum


  Kouyouzan ; Cunninghamia lanceolata


  Randaisugi ; Cunninghamia Konishii


  Taiwansugi ; Taiwania cryptomerioides


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Cupressaceae


Chamaecyparis Spach



Hinoki
Chamaecyparis obtusa Endl.


Chamaecyparis is consisted of "chamai"(low, small)+ "cyparissos"(cypress tree).
The fruit of this tree is smaller than that of Cypress.


obtusa;obtuse



cf. Port Orford Ceder (Beihi)  C.lawsoniana


            Yellow Ceder (Beihiba) C.nootkatensis



Sawara
Chamaecyparis pisifera Endl.


pisifera;having pease(Pisum)




Thuja Linn.



Nezuko
Thuja Standishii Carr.


Thuja is named after old name of evergreen resinfull species "thyia, thyon".


Standishii;of dendrologist Standish


cf. Western Red Ceder (Beisugi) Thuja plicata




Konotegashiwa
Thuja orientalis L.


   orientalis;east,the Middle and Near East 



Thujopsis S. et Z.



Asunaro
Thujopsis dolabrata S.et Z.


Thujopsis is consisted of "Thuja"(Thuja species)+ "opsis"(similar)


dolabrata;dolabriform,securiform




Hinokiasunaro
Thujopsis dolabrata var. Hondae Makino


   Hondae;of dendrologist Seiroku Honda 


It is called another name Hiba or Aomorihiba. 



Juniperus Linn.



Nezumisashi
Juniperus rigida S.et Z.


Juniperus is derived from old Celtic name "juneprus (astringent)" or Latin name "juvenis(youth)+ pario(produce)".


rigida;rigid, stiff




Hainezu
Juniperus conferta Parl


   conferta;compact、 con is the prefix of meaning of with or having. 



Rishiribyakusin
Juniperus communis Linn. var. saxatilis Pallas


   communis;common  

   cf.   common(English), commun(French), comun(Spanish)  


   saxatilis;growing on or between rocks 



Miyamanezu
Juniperus communis Linn. var. nipponica Wilson


   communis;common  


   nipponica;Nippon or Japan 



Shimamuro
Juniperus taxifolia Hook. et Arn.


   taxifolia;having leaves (folium) of yew(Taxus)


Another name is Shimabyakusin. 


Okinawanezu
Juniperus lutchuensis Koidz.


to Explanation of Okinawanezu

   lutchuensis;native to the Ryukyu Islans 




Byakushin
Juniperus chinensis L.


chinensis;indigenous to China




Miyamahaibyakushin
Juniperus chinensis L. var. Sargenti Henry


   Sargenti;of American botanist C.S.Sargent



Haibyakushin
Juniperus chinensis L. var. procumbens Endlicher


   procumbens;crawling,creeping,trailing,rambling



    The End of GYMNOSPERMAE



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